How To Draw A Heart Complex
Beginners Guide: Realistic Pencil Cartoon
Updated: 13 Feb 2022
Pencil cartoon is monochromatic. It has a single hue (grayness), just with unlike brightness values (from very light gray, to very dark gray).
To go realistic results when drawing with pencils, start by drawing the grade accurately. And so, brightness values are the key. Meaning, how nighttime or lite each area is. In addition, pay attention to edges and transitions.
While at that place are many factors when it comes to drawing realism, hither I focus on the most important ones.
The 4 key factors for realistic pencil cartoon are:
- Precision Drawing
- Brightness Values
- Edges
- Transitions
Note:
At the end of this tutorial, you will detect some practical cartoon tips.
Precision Cartoon
Each object or figure has distinct characteristics and a unique class. Therefore, in club to produce a realistic consequence, the craft of drawing must be precise.
To draw in an authentic way, you lot need to understand what you are looking at, and to draw what you see, and Not what you lot know.
Foreshortening:
When cartoon in perspective (a set of guidelines for drawing in a realistic way), objects are subject area to foreshortening.
In the following example, you know that the top function of a candle is round (circumvolve), but when you lot draw what you see (when cartoon a side view), the top part of the candle is actually elliptical:
Opposite phenomenon occurs when looking from above. The candle's long cylindrical body becomes shorter due to foreshortening:
Explanation:
In perspective, objects that are in front of the observer wait smaller as they are further away.
Because they are in front of the observer, they keep the ratio betwixt width and peak, pregnant there is no distortion, the object looks the same only smaller.
On the other mitt, objects or surfaces forth the line of sight are distorted (meaning, foreshortened).
The reason is the observer angle of sight. The more a surface is in the direction of your sight, the shorter it is.
In the next example, see how the surfboard is foreshortened when facing yous.
To get a deeper understanding on foreshortening, read my guide on how to describe objects from imagination.
How to describe accurately:
Cartoon is done in a two-dimensional way, on a flat paper. Disregard the tertiary dimension, which is depth, and await at objects in a 2D mode: width, acme and angles.
Use your pencil to meet the bending of whatsoever line you choose to draw.
Retrieve:
Your drawing newspaper is flat, and so when measuring angles, turn the pencil left or right only! Never frontward or backward.
Do the same for complex drawings, similar portraits.
In the next example, I paid attention to the angle of the optics.
If you struggle drawing accurately, read my guide on how to depict accurately from observation.
Tip:
When ii people await at an object from a dissimilar angle, they draw it differently.
The same happens with your eyes. Each eye looks at an object from a unlike bending.
To draw accurately, close one eye when you are using a pencil to measure out dimensions and angles.
Look at some coloring pages on your screen, and endeavour to reproduce them.
Cartoon the form (structure) accurately is the most important office of realistic drawing.
Remember:
Learning to depict accurately from ascertainment is crucial for drawing realism.
After you primary drawing anything in proportion, you lot can bargain with the other factors of drawing realism.
Understanding effulgence values is essential, and I will cover information technology next.
Realistic pencil drawing of a mink
Brightness Values
What are effulgence values?
Brightness values or values are how light or nighttime whatever expanse of the drawing is.
Brightness values play a crucial function in creating the illusion of depth and iii-dimensional forms on a two-dimensional surface.
What is pencil drawing?
Pencil cartoon, at its near basic form, is putting graphite particles on paper.
To do that, we use pencils.
Pencils come up in different hardness levels. Hard pencils only put a little amount of graphite particles on a paper, resulting in a lighter/brighter value (H levels for hardness).
On the other hand, soft pencils put a big amount of graphite on a paper, which results in a darker value (B levels for blackness).
How to use a pencil?
For any type of pencil, the corporeality of pressure applied while drawing determines the brightness value. More pressure level creates a darker value, and less force per unit area creates a lighter value.
I recommend using a number of drawing pencils with different darkness levels for different brightness values.
Sharp pencils are suitable for small-scale details. For polish transitions, sometimes it is useful to use non-sharp pencils.
For a list of materials that I apply for drawing, visit my essential pencil-drawing supply review.
How to do?
Know your tools! Exercise on creating gradual transitions in brightness values for each pencil form you use.
That will help you determine how much pressure to use for each different effulgence value, and how dark or lite you tin get with each pencil grade:
Yous can modify brightness values by using a kneaded eraser.
Past gently tapping on a drawing surface, the kneaded eraser will collect graphite particles, and therefore result in a lighter value.
How to determine brightness values?
Ascertainment is the primal to identifying the effulgence values of any object or image.
Examine each part of the drawing, to meet if it is darker or lighter than the object you are trying to draw, then correct it accordingly.
In addition, it is important to pay attention to the range and multifariousness between the darkest areas and the brightest:
- If the range or divergence between dark and light areas is small, the cartoon may announced flat.
- When the range betwixt dark and bright areas is large, the drawing is noticeable, and has book and depth.
In other words, there should be plenty contrast betwixt nighttime and brilliant parts of the drawing in order for information technology to await rich and intense.
Tip:
Sometimes when looking at a complex object, especially with colors (or texture), it is difficult to see how night or calorie-free each area is.
To solve this problem, squint while observing, in lodge to lose focus.
When both eyes are partly closed, yous can focus on effulgence values, and disregard other distractions.
Practise:
Try drawing your hand. Get-go by mark the drawing newspaper, so y'all can always put your hand back at the same place.
Unless you are using a tabular array lamp, difference in brightness values are subtle, and therefore information technology is a dandy practice to master values.
Arguably, the hardest form of drawing is portraiture.
It is critical to be accurate both in drawing the course AND in brightness values.
Portrait pencil drawing, Alin
Edges
Every bit opposed to comics drawing that is characterized past contour lines, which environment the figure, in realistic drawing with a pencil (or in any other way), there are no lines at all.
The border of an object is where its shape or surface ends. Information technology can end in a precipitous way, or in a soft way, simply information technology is not a line!
Some objects (like fur, hair, or fabric) have soft edges, while other objects (like rocks, cars, or furniture) have hard edges.
Edges vs outlines
To draw a soft edge is to create a gradual transition (gradient) in brightness values, from dark to light.
Depending on climate weather and distance, far away objects might have soft edges.
Remember:
Use lines merely every bit guidelines to describe an authentic form. Draw them lightly, so they are piece of cake to erase if needed.
How to draw soft edges:
There are many ways to draw soft edges (gradient from dark to calorie-free), depending on the effect you would like to accomplish.
Hereby, three recommended means:
Methods to describe soft edges
If y'all are not around your drawing equipment, you can e'er employ a dry paper (like paper towel) or cloth to smooth edges.
Soft edges with toilet paper
Annotation:
Endeavour to avoid smudging a pencil cartoon using your finger. It tin transfer body oils or sweat to the paper sheet.
Using soft edges for far abroad objects creates a sense of depth.
Pencil drawing example:
Soft edges for far object to add depth
Shadows and reflections:
In many cases, shadows and reflections have soft (or less defined) edges.
Less defined edges for reflections
Transitions
When cartoon with a pencil, it is of import to pay attention to brightness values (how dark or light each area is) and edges (how each area or surface ends, either with a soft border or a hard edge).
In improver, pay attention to transitions.
On a certain surface, areas that are closer to a light source are lighter, and areas farther away from the light source are darker, meaning the surface has a gradual transition in values.
Therefore, await for the brightness values of a particular surface compared to other surfaces, but also the transitions of values inside the surface itself.
Pencil drawing instance:
Portrait pencil drawing, Sharon
In the next example, I used transitions in brightness values to draw the folds in the neck area.
Rhino pencil cartoon
Retrieve:
Every part of each drawing has transitions. An area with no transitions looks flat and unnatural.
Drawing Tips
Where to start drawing?
If y'all are right-handed, first cartoon from the upper left role of a paper sheet, and gradually move to the lower right.
For left-handed artists, start at the upper right office of the newspaper.
In this way, the palm can residue on the blank surface of the drawing-newspaper, and not smear what has already been drawn.
Drawing from left to correct
Where to put the light source?
If y'all are right-handed, identify the lighting (table lamp) on the left side, so that the palm will not block the source of light, and y'all can see little details while drawing.
If you are left-handed, place the lighting on the right side.
Wildebeest pencil cartoon
How to hold a pencil?
By using the thumb, y'all can move the pencil trunk upwards, and employ it equally a measuring device (to run across angles).
When releasing the thumb, the pencil is dorsum in place for drawing:
How to avoid smearing?
In order to avoid smearing the drawing or transfer body oils or sweat to a cartoon paper, you lot tin can place a bare sheet of paper under the cartoon hand, so that the palm is not placed on the cartoon-paper.
Another choice is to use a transparent paper canvass nether the drawing hand, that way you can avoid smearing, and however see your cartoon.
How to utilise your drawing equipment?
Endeavor not to press hard when drawing, and so you practice not harm the paper sheet you are drawing on.
Describe as if you are using a paintbrush, softly and gently. You volition get smooth results, and you practice not need to apply smoothing tools.
Use thick paper for your artworks, it is more durable. Thin paper sheets are great for do.
I prefer paper with at to the lowest degree 150 g/m thickness, ideally 180 one thousand/k or more:
Do not lean difficult on paper (with any hand) when drawing, to avoid dents.
How to use a grid?
The centre of a reference prototype is the point where the two diagonals see.
After finding the midpoint, draw a horizontal line and a vertical line in order to dissever the image into 4 rectangles.
If an epitome is large and complex, you can divide each rectangle repeatedly to take more than grid lines.
The next step is creating a grid on your drawing paper, which is the same process of finding the midpoint and creating vertical and horizontal lines.
Remember that the ratio between the width and meridian of your cartoon newspaper should be exactly similar the reference paradigm. You lot tin e'er crop the reference image to fit the ratio of the drawing paper.
Now it is possible to describe inside each rectangle separately. Consequently, the drawing process becomes easier and more precise.
When drawing grid lines, do it gently, so you can erase them later!
While I rarely utilize grid lines when drawing, for committee drawings, especially with limited time, I use grid lines for efficiency and speed.
Commission cartoon process:
I start by drawing the grade accurately.
And then I pay attention to the other 3 factors (brightness values, edges & transitions).
I am right-handed, then I depict from left to right and from summit to lesser:
For more tips, check out my fine art painters gallery for exclusive painting tips by professional painters.
Which newspaper size to use?
Realistic cartoon is time-consuming.
A cartoon of an animal or a portrait, on an A4 newspaper canvass, can last 15-40 hours.
Therefore, I do not recommend drawing on a big newspaper sheet.
Depending on the project, I utilise these newspaper sizes: A5 (small-scale), A4 (medium) and A3 (large).
How to draw straight borders?
When using just part of a paper for cartoon, it is useful to edge it with masking tape.
When the drawing is fix, remove the masking tape, and you will have a straight border.
Pen Drawing
While there are no lines in nature or in realistic pencil cartoon, pen drawing is characterized by drawing lines.
Drawing using lines
I apply a technical pen (fineliner) for drawing.
For recommended pen brands to use, visit my review on drawing pens for artists.
A pen has a fixed brightness value!
The style to create the illusion of different effulgence values when drawing with a pen, is to create more lines in the same area for a darker value, and fewer lines for a lighter value.
Brightness values using lines
If you like drawing with pens, you might like my guide for bloom drawing.
And, my guide for drawing trees.
Summary
Since all materials are made of molecules, they can never be one hundred percentage smoothen.
Calorie-free travels every bit a wave; therefore, shadows are not completely sharp.
For these reasons, in that location are no lines in nature!
When drawing with pencils, it is all about transitions in effulgence values and different types of edges.
That said, in art, it is possible to create realistic looking drawings, using only lines, by creating the illusion of transitions, brightness values and edges.
For an in-depth article nigh drawing and painting realism, visit The eight Fundamental Factors for Painting Realism.
To understand and add depth when drawing, visit my guide for creating the illusion of depth in fine art, information technology includes xv means to draw depth, with many examples!
While information technology is user-friendly to draw from images, I recommend practicing drawing from directly observation. Read my still life limerick-drawing tutorial to encounter how to program your composition.
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